Murottal versus white noise as nursing auditory interventions for immediate blood pressure changes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A quasi-experimental study
https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v7i4.998
Keywords:
acute myocardial infarction, blood pressure, complementary therapies, nursing care, qur'an, white noiseAbstract
Background: In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pain, clinical uncertainty, and environmental stress may influence short-term hemodynamic measurements. Qur’anic murottal and white noise represent spiritually meaningful and content-neutral auditory approaches, respectively, but their immediate comparative responses remain uncertain.
Objective: To compare pretest-to-posttest changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure following Qur’anic murottal and white-noise interventions among hospitalized patients with AMI.
Methods: This non-equivalent, two-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study included 52 consecutively recruited patients (26 per group) in a cardiovascular care unit in South Sumatra, Indonesia, in June 2026. Blood pressure was measured before and after the assigned intervention using a calibrated digital sphygmomanometer. Within-group mean reductions were assessed using paired t tests; between-group differences in mean reduction were assessed using independent t tests (two-sided α = 0.05). Allocation procedures and several intervention and measurement details were not recoverable from archived records.
Results: Mean systolic reduction was 2.692 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.878 to 3.506) with murottal and 1.846 mmHg (95% CI 1.213 to 2.479) with white noise. Mean diastolic reduction was 2.000 mmHg (95% CI 1.476 to 2.524) and 1.692 mmHg (95% CI 1.284 to 2.101), respectively. The murottal-minus-white-noise differences in reduction were 0.846 mmHg (95% CI −0.290 to 1.982; p = 0.141) for systolic and 0.308 mmHg (95% CI −0.340 to 0.956; p = 0.344) for diastolic pressure.
Conclusion: Both groups exhibited small immediate reductions, without a statistically detected difference between interventions. Nonrandomized allocation, baseline diastolic imbalance, and unavailable treatment and measurement details preclude conclusions about independent efficacy, equivalence, or sustained blood-pressure control.
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