Factors associated with acute respiratory infection among under-five children at Muara Enim community health center: A cross-sectional study
https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v6i4.624
Abstract
Background: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) remains a major public health problem among under-five children and contributes significantly to morbidity and primary health care utilization. Household environmental and behavioral factors are known to increase the risk of ARI, particularly in areas with substandard housing conditions.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze factors associated with Acute Respiratory Infection among under-five children in the working area of Muara Enim community Health Center.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of all mothers with under-five children aged 0–59 months in Kelurahan Tungkal, Muara Enim District, totaling 444 individuals. A total of 82 respondents were selected using random sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire assessing cigarette smoke exposure, mosquito coil use, housing density, and household ventilation. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The findings showed significant associations between cigarette smoke exposure (p = 0.000), mosquito coil use (p = 0.000), housing density (p = 0.000), household ventilation (p = 0.002), and the occurrence of Acute Respiratory Infection among under-five children. Children exposed to these risk factors had a higher proportion of ARI compared to those who were not exposed.
Conclusion: Acute Respiratory Infection among under-five children is significantly associated with household environmental and behavioral factors. Strengthening community-based health education focusing on ARI prevention is recommended, particularly regarding smoking cessation inside the home, reduction of mosquito coil use, and improvement of healthy housing conditions. Intersectoral collaboration is essential to support sustainable household environmental improvements.
Downloads
References
Abdul Rahman, H., Noraidi, A. A., Hj Khalid, A. N., Mohamad-Adam, A. Z., Zahari, N. H., & Tuming, N. E. (2025). Practical guide to calculate sample size for chi-square test in biomedical research. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 25, 144. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-025-XXXXX
Agrarina, L., Saputra, A. U., Arsi, R., & Romadhon, M. (2025). Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Environmental Factors With Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Toddlers: A Cross-sectional Study. Lentera Perawat, 6(2), 325–331. https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v6i2.451
Alamer, A. S. (2024). Behavior change theories and models within Health Belief Model research: A five-decade holistic bibliometric analysis. Cureus, 16, e63143. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.63143
Apanga, P. A., & Kumbeni, M. T. (2021). Factors associated with diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection in children under 5 years old in Ghana: An analysis of a national cross-sectional survey. BMC Pediatrics, 21, 78. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02502-5
Bender, R. G., Sirota, S. B., Swetschinski, L. R., Dominguez, R.-M. V., Novotney, A., Wool, E. E., … Doxey, M. (2024). Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 24, 974–1002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)000XX-X
Bhurtel, R., Pokhrel, R. P., & Kalakheti, B. (2022). Acute respiratory infections among under-five children admitted in a tertiary hospital of Nepal: A descriptive cross-sectional study. JNMA: Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 60, 17–21.
Budianto, Y. (2022). Hubungan Antara Kondisi Sanitasi Lingkungan Terhadap Kejadian ISPA Pada Balita Di Puskesmas. Lentera Perawat, 1(2), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v1i2.136
Chelak, K., & Chakole, S. (2023). The role of social determinants of health in promoting health equality: A narrative review. Cureus, 15, e33425. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33425
Correia, W., Dorta-Guerra, R., Sanches, M., Almeida Semedo, C. D. J. B., Valladares, B., de Pina-Araújo, I. I. M., & Carmelo, E. (2021). Study of the etiology of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years at the Dr. Agostinho Neto Hospital, Praia, Santiago Island, Cabo Verde. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 9, 716351. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.716351
Dagne, H., Andualem, Z., Dagnew, B., & Taddese, A. A. (2020). Acute respiratory infection and its associated factors among children under-five years attending pediatrics ward at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Pediatrics, 20, 93. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-020-1972-4
Dinas Kesehatan Muara Enim. (2021). Profil Dinas Kesehatan Muara Enim, 2021.
Ekholuenetale, M., Nzoputam, C. I., Okonji, O. C., Barrow, A., Wegbom, A. I., & Edet, C. K. (2023). Differentials in the prevalence of acute respiratory infections among under-five children: An analysis of 37 sub-Saharan countries. Global Pediatric Health, 10, 2333794X231156715. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794X231156715
Fidah, M. F. A., Nabin, A. A., & Efa, S. S. (2024). Factors associated with acute respiratory infection and healthcare-seeking behaviour among primary caregivers in Bangladesh: A study based on MICS 2019. BMJ Public Health, 2, e000576. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000576
Firda Wahyuni, P., Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan, S., & Kemenkes Surabaya, P. (2021). Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok Dan Penggunaan Obat Nyamuk Bakar Dengan Kejadian Ispa Pada Balita (Studi Kasus di Desa Bulurejo Kecamatan Benjeng Kabupaten Gresik Tahun 2021). In Jurnal Higiene Sanitasi (Vol. 1).
Haryani et.al. (2021). Pengaruh Lingkungan Fisik Rumah terhadap Kejadian ISPA pada Balita. Indonesian Journal of Midwifery, 4(2). http://jurnal.unw.ac.id/index.php/ijm
Junilantivo, F., Priyadi, P., & Noviadi, P. (2022). Kondisi Fisik Rumah dengan Kejadian Penyakit Ispa pada Balita di Kota Palembang. Jurnal Sanitasi Lingkungan, 2(2), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.36086/jsl.v2i2.1416
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Kemenkes RI. 2018. Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2023). SKI 2023 Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kurniawan, M., Tri Wahyudi, W., Arifki Zainaro, M., (2021) Studi Keperawatan Universitas Malahayati, P., & Keperawatan Universitas Malahayati, D. Hubungan Paparan Asap Rokok Dengan Kejadian Ispa Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bandar Agung Kecamatan Terusan Nunyai Kabupaten Lampung Tengah Abstrak : The Correlation Of Cigarette Smoke Exposure With Uri Case On Toddlers At The Working Area Of Bandar Agung Health Centre Terusan Nunyai Subdistrict Central Lampung Regency (Vol. 3).
Luselya Tabalawony, S., & Roberth Akollo, I. (2023). Pengaruh Perilaku Merokok Dan Pemakaian Obat Nyamuk Bakar Terhadap Kejadian Ispa Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jazirah Tenggara. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Poltekkes Depkes Bandung, 15(1), 230–237. https://doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v15i1.2216
Pasaribu, R. K., Santosa, H., & Nurmaini, N. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) pada Balita Di Daerah Pesisir Kota Sibolga Tahun 2020. Syntax Idea, 3(6), 1442. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-idea.v3i6.1232
Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. (2023). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Tahun 2023. Palembang: Dinas Kesehatan Sumatera Selatan.
Puskesmas Muara Enim. (2025). Laporan Puskesmas Muara Enim.
Rianita Citra Tri Sartika, & Anggriawan, A. (2022). Penerapan Manajemen Hipertermi Pada Pasien ISPA. Lentera Perawat, 3(2), 46–50. Retrieved from https://jurnal.stikesalmaarif.ac.id/index.php/lenteraperawat/article/view/174
Waliyyuddin, R., Farrah Fahdhienie, & Vera Nazhira Arivin. (2024). Faktor Risiko Lingkungan Fisik Rumah Terhadap Kejadian ISPA pada Balita di Darul Imarah Aceh Besar. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 7(6), 1451–1459. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v7i6.5166
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Yeti Yuliati, Yulis Marita, Fera Meliyanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
