Relationship between knowledge level and medication adherence on blood pressure in elderly hypertension patients in Muara Enim community health center: A cross-sectional study
https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v6i4.585
Keywords:
adherence, blood pressure, elderly, hypertensionAbstract
Background: Hypertension is a global health problem with a high prevalence, particularly among the elderly, and carries a significant risk of serious complications. Adequate knowledge and adherence to antihypertensive medication are essential factors in controlling blood pressure.
Objective: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and medication adherence with blood pressure among elderly patients with hypertension in the working area of Muara Enim Primary Health Center in 2024.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 30 elderly women with hypertension were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data on knowledge and adherence were collected using a structured questionnaire, while blood pressure was measured using an aneroid sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, with the independent t-test applied at a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: Of the total respondents, 43.3% had good knowledge and 56.7% had poor knowledge. Medication adherence was evenly distributed, with 50% adherent and 50% non-adherent. The mean systolic blood pressure was 165.33 mmHg (SD 11.25) and diastolic was 95.87 mmHg (SD 5.96). Knowledge was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.025) but not with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.098). Adherence was significantly associated with lower systolic (p = 0.011) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.010).
Conclusion: Medication adherence has a more consistent influence on blood pressure control than knowledge level. Hypertension management programs for the elderly should prioritize improving adherence, supported by continuous education integrated with family and community support.
Downloads
References
Abu, H. O., Aboumatar, H., Carson, K., Goldberg, R., & Cooper, L. (2018). Hypertension knowledge, heart healthy lifestyle practices and medication adherence among adults with hypertension. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare, 6(1), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v6i1.1416
Azhari, M. H. (2017). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu Kecamatan Ilir Barat II Palembang. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 2(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v2i1.29
Burnier, M., Polychronopoulou, E., & Wuerzner, G. (2020). Hypertension and drug adherence in the elderly. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 7, 49. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00049
Christiyani, N. C., Marlina, T. T., & Estri, A. K. (2023). Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi di Yogyakarta. Journal Center of Research Publication in Midwifery and Nursing, 7(1), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.36474/caring.v7i1.277
Hanum, S., Puetri, N. R., Marlinda, M., & Yasir, Y. (2019). Hubungan antara pengetahuan, motivasi, dan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu (Integrated Health Journal), 10(1), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.32695/jkt.v10i1.28
Indrasari, M., Harokan, A., & Suryani, L. (2025). Analysis of factors affecting the incidence of hypertension in the productive age group at the Muara Beliti community health center: A cross-sectional study. Lentera Perawat, 6(3), 513-521.doi: 10.52235/lp.v6i3.494
Laurent, S., & Boutouyrie, P. (2020). Arterial stiffness and hypertension in the elderly. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 7, 544302. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.544302
Nuranti, E., et al. (2020). [Detail publikasi tidak tersedia di naskah asli].
P2PTM Kemenkes RI. (2020). Apa itu hipertensi? Jakarta: Direktorat Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular, Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Paczkowska, A., Hoffmann, K., Kus, K., Kopciuch, D., Zaprutko, T., Ratajczak, P., Michalak, M., Nowakowska, E., & Bryl, W. (2021). Impact of patient knowledge on hypertension treatment adherence and efficacy: A single-centre study in Poland. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 18(3), 852–860. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.48139
Rachmawati, E., Rahmadhani, F., Ananda, M. R., Salsabillah, S., & Pradana, A. A. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan keluarga terhadap penyakit hipertensi: Telaah narasi. Jurnal Mitra Kesehatan, 4(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.47522/jmk.v4i1.98
Rasajati, Q. P., Raharjo, B. B., & Ningrum, D. N. A. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pengobatan pada penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pudakpayung, Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (e-Journal), 8(3), 256–263.
Saraswati, R., Ropi, H., & Sari, C. W. M. (2014). Pengaruh program edukasi berbasis komunitas terhadap self-management lansia hipertensi di Puskesmas Gombong 2 Kebumen. Pustaka Unpad.
Sari, F. Y., Wahyudi, A., Suryani, L., & Harokan, A. (2024). Analysis of Factors Associated with the Incidence of Hypertension in Community Health Centres. Lentera Perawat, 5(2), 309-317.doi: 10.52235/lp.v5i2.361
Smith, M. J., & Liehr, P. R. (2020). Middle range theory for nursing (5th ed.). Springer Publishing Company.
Susanto, D. H., Fransiska, S., Warubu, F. A., Veronika, E., & Dewi, W. (2019). Faktor risiko ketidakpatuhan minum obat anti hipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kecamatan Palmerah Juli 2016. Jurnal Kedokteran Meditek, 24(68), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v24i68.1698
Tamamilang, C. D., Kandou, G. D., & Nelwan, J. E. (2019). Hubungan antara umur dan aktivitas fisik dengan derajat hipertensi di Kota Bitung, Sulawesi Utara. Kesmas, 7(5), 1–8.
Usnaini, H., & Setyani, F. A. R. (2025). The Relationship between Family Support and Adherence to Taking Medication in Hypertension Patients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic. Lentera Perawat, 6(1), 101-108.doi: 10.52235/lp.v6i1.408
WHO. (2023). Hypertension – elderly. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
Yacob, R., Ilham, R., & Syamsuddin, F. (2023). Hubungan kepatuhan minum obat dengan penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi program Prolanis di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tapa. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran, 1(2), 58–67.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Surti Anggraeni, Jamila Jamila, Lutfi Nurfadila, Marta Anggun Noviana, Eci Agustina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
