Analysis of risk factors for the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Tebing Tinggi Community Health Center: A cross-sectional study
https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v6i3.488
Keywords:
health center, pulmonary tuberculosis, risk factorsAbstract
Background
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent public health concern in Indonesia, driven by a complex interplay of individual and environmental risk factors. Understanding these determinants is crucial to enhance disease control strategies at the community level.
Objective
This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Tebing Tinggi Public Health Center, Empat Lawang.
Methods
A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 76 respondents selected from 321 suspected TB patients using purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test, and multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regression to determine the dominant risk factors.
Results
Bivariate analysis showed that age (p = 0.04) and household contact (p = 0.00) were significantly associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB, while gender, knowledge, housing density, and ventilation were not (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that household contact was the most dominant factor influencing TB incidence.
Conclusion
Household contact and older age were significantly associated with pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. Targeted interventions such as household contact tracing and focused health education for older populations are essential to reduce transmission and improve TB control at the community level.
Downloads
References
Alotaibi, B., Yassin, Y., Mushi, A., Maashi, F., Thomas, A., Mohamed, G., . . . Yezli, S. (2019). Tuberculosis knowledge, attitude and practice among healthcare workers during the 2016 Hajj. PLOS ONE, 14(1), e0210913. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0210913
Ariani, F., Lapau, B., Zaman, K., Mitra, M., & Rustam, M. (2022). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru. Jurnal Bahana Kesehatan Masyarakat (Bahana of Journal Public Health), 6(1), 33-38.
Azisah, S., Mustari, A., Masse, A., Kara, S. A., Babcock, T., Dzuhayatin, R., . . . Jaharuddin, W. (2016). Kontekstualisasi Gender, Islam dan Budaya. Makassar: Seri Kemitraan Universitas Masyrakat.
Dam, T. A., Forse, R. J., Tran, P. M. T., Vo, L. N. Q., Codlin, A. J., Nguyen, L. P., & Creswell, J. (2022). What makes community health worker models for tuberculosis active case finding work? A cross-sectional study of TB REACH projects to identify success factors for increasing case notifications. Human Resources for Health, 20(1), 25. doi:10.1186/s12960-022-00708-1
Dewi, T. L., Saraswati, D., & Maywati, S. (2024). Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Purbaratu Kota Tasikmalaya Tahun 2023. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 20(1), 9-19.
Ekawati, D. (2022). Pengaruh Faktor Risiko, Usia, Jenis Kelamin dan Status Imunisasi pada Kasus TB Paru Anak di Puskesmas Merdeka. KOLONI, 1(3), 965-971.
Faizal, I. A., & Pangesti, I. (2021). House Environments As Risk Factors of Tuberculosis in Cilacap District. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan, 10(1), 65-70.
Fuady, A., Arifin, B., Yunita, F., Rauf, S., Fitriangga, A., Sugiharto, A., . . . Mansyur, M. (2023). Stigma towards people with tuberculosis: a cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a scale in Indonesia. BMC psychology, 11(1), 112. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01161-y
Fuady, A., Arifin, B., Yunita, F., Rauf, S., Fitriangga, A., Sugiharto, A., . . . Wingfield, T. (2024). Stigma, depression, quality of life, and the need for psychosocial support among people with tuberculosis in Indonesia: A multi-site cross-sectional study. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(1), e0002489. doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0002489
Huddart, S., Bossuroy, T., Pons, V., Baral, S., Pai, M., & Delavallade, C. (2018). Knowledge about tuberculosis and infection prevention behavior: A nine city longitudinal study from India. PLOS ONE, 13(10), e0206245. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206245
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2024). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI). Jakarta: Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan Kemenkes RI.
Kk, I. F. J., Auliana, H., Damayanti, A. D., Putri, A., Susanti, M., Hidayati, T., . . . Herliza, S. (2025). Application of Active Cycle Breathing Technique (ACBT) Exercises on Hemodynamic Status in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients With Respiratory Problems: A Case Study. Lentera Perawat, 6(2), 227-233. doi:10.52235/lp.v6i2.450
Lestari, N. P. W. A., Dedy, M. A. E., Artawan, I. M., & Buntoro, I. F. (2022). Perbedaan usia dan jenis Kelamin Terhadap Ketuntasan Pengobatan TB Paru di Puskesmas di kota kupang. Cendana Medical Journal, 10(1), 24-31.
Marleni, L., Syafei, A., & Saputra, A. D. (2020). Hubungan antara Pengetahuan dan Jenis Kelamin dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru. Babul Ilmi Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science Kesehatan, 12(1).
Maulinda, W. N., Hernawati, S., Marchiant, N., & Caesarina, A. (2021). Pengaruh Kelembaban Udara, Suhu dan Kepadatan Hunian terhadap Kejadian TB Paru: Pengaruh Kelembaban Udara, Suhu dan Kepadatan Hunian terhadap Kejadian TB Paru. Jurnal Midwifery Zigot, 4(2), 38-40.
Mei Lestari Ika Widyyati, A. (2021). Tingkat Pengetahuan Penderita Tuberculosis Paru Tentang Penularan Penyakit Tuberculosis Paru. Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nazhatut Thullab Sampang, 1(1), 21-25.
Mgode, G., Bwana, D., Cox, C., Batra, S., Richter, C., & Fiebig, L. (2021). Monitoring Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment Adherence Using eCompliance Digital Tool by Community Healthcare Workers. In E. Eilu, R. Baguma, J. S. Pettersson, & G. D. Bhutkar (Eds.), Digital Literacy and Socio-Cultural Acceptance of ICT in Developing Countries (pp. 231-241). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Pramono, J. S. (2021). Tinjauan literatur: Faktor risiko peningkatan angka insidensi tuberkulosis. Jurnal Ilmiah Pannmed, 16(1), 106-113.
Pramono, J. S., Hendriani, D., Ardyanti, D., & Chifdillah, N. A. (2023). Implementasi Aplikasi Deteksi Dini Suspek Tuberkulosis Berbasis mHealth di antara Kontak Serumah: Tinjauan Sistematik. Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional, 8(3), 163.
Puskesmas Tebing Tinggi. (2024). Profil Kesehatan Puskesmas Tebing Tinggi. Empat Lawang: Puskesmas Tebing Tinggi.
Putri, A. M., Thohari, I., & Sari, E. (2022). Kondisi fisik rumah (jenis dinding, jenis lantai, pencahayaan, kelembaban, ventilasi, suhu, dan kepadatan hunian) mempengaruhi kejadian penyakit tuberkulosis di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Krian Sidoarjo tahun 2021. Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan, 20(1), 22-28.
Putri, V. K., Zaman, C., Priyanto, A. D., & Ekawati, D. (2025). Analysis Factor of Compliance With Taking Anti-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Drugs in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Lentera Perawat, 6(1), 59-68. doi:10.52235/lp.v6i1.398
Ramayanti, F., Marita, Y., Yansyah, E. J., & Varge, V. (2024). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Berobat Penderita Tuberkulosis di POLI DOTS. Lentera Perawat, 5(1), 26-32. doi:10.52235/lp.v5i1.281
Razak, R., Rahmadina, F., & Santiyah, S. (2025). Faktor Kondisi Fisik Lingkungan Rumah Terhadap Kasus Tuberkulosis di Indonesia: Systematic Review. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 17(1), 130-142.
Samsugito, I. (2020). Hubungan Jenis Kelamin dan Lama Kontak Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru Di Rumah Sakit A. Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Jurnal Kesehatan Pasak Bumi Kalimantan, 1(1), 28-39.
Sari, G. K., & Setyawati, T. (2022). Tuberkulosis Paru Post WODEC Pleural Efusion: Laporan Kasus. Jurnal Medical Profession (Medpro), 4(2), 174-182.
Sikumbang, R. H., Eyanoer, P. C., & Siregar, N. P. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Tb Paru Pada Usia Produktif Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tegal Sari Kecamatan Medan Denai. Ibnu Sina: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan-Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, 21(1), 32-43.
Sinha, P., Shenoi, S. V., & Friedland, G. H. (2020). Opportunities for community health workers to contribute to global efforts to end tuberculosis. Glob Public Health, 15(3), 474-484. doi:10.1080/17441692.2019.1663361
Siregar, R. J., Yusuf, S. F., & Fernaldy, D. (2022). The Relationship between Physical Conditions of the House and the Incidence of Tuberculosis. International Journal of Public Health Excellence (IJPHE), 1(1), 01-05.
Suryani, L., Ekawati, D., & Zaman, C. (2025). Analysis of Medication Compliance In Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Lentera Perawat, 6(1), 92-100. doi:10.52235/lp.v6i1.402
Tuntun, M., & Budi, A. S. (2016). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru BTA Positif Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Di UPT Puskesmas Wonosobo Kabupaten Tanggamus. Jurnal Analis Kesehatan, 5(2), 566-573.
Wardani, D. W., Dewi, A. R., & Suharmanto, S. (2020). Hubungan Keberadaan Kontak Serumah dan Perilaku Ibu terhadap Kejadian Tuberkulosis Anak. Jurnal Dunia Kesmas, 9(3), 388-394.
WHO. (2024). Global tuberculosis report 2024. Jenewa: WHO.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dwi Sartika, Ali Harokan, Lilis Suryani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
